2024年新教材高考英语第二轮专题
考点分类练(一)　小标题类
(限时:25分钟)
Passage 1
(2023河南开封三模)
Criticism hurts even when it’s constructive.　1　 Do you pretend you didn’t hear or do you argue back to defend yourself In fact,there are actually other ways of handling criticism!The next time someone gives you feedback,try doing the following things instead.
Don’t react immediately.
Getting angry can happen really fast.Sometimes all it takes is a misplaced word or the wrong one.While it’s normal to feel this way,try to cool off and stay calm.　2　After all,you don’t want to say something you’ll end up regretting later!
Assess the criticism.
Sometimes the best thing to do is take a quick step back and assess the criticism:who said it and why 　3　Or are they just trying to be mean Taking a step back allows you to determine if perhaps the criticism has some real value you hadn’t seen before,or if it’s better to just brush off the comment.
Don’t take it personally.
Remember that sometimes people do things not to attack you personally,but to vent anger or frustration.So calm down and be as understanding as you can.　4　 Meanwhile,let the other person know that their criticism was uncalled for.
　5　
If the criticism does actually have some truth to it,then the best thing to do is figure out how you can use it to improve.Get straight to the point and ask the person which part of your work they’d improve and how.That way you not only show you are interested in doing things better,but you are also involving the person who criticized you.
A.So how do you react
B.Use it to your advantage.
C.Polish your work carefully.
D.How about negative feedback catching us by surprise
E.Give yourself some time to process what you’ve heard before reacting.
F.Are they trying to help you,but did not communicate their point of view nicely
G.Choosing to take the right path is doing yourself a favor and not getting angry.
Passage 2
(2023河南新乡三模)
Left-handed people make up around 12% of the global population.One really interesting fact that I picked up was from a scientist who believed that left-handed people tended to be more independent as a result of having to adapt to a world that is largely built for right-handed individuals.　1　
More likely to have allergies and sleep disorders
A study found that left-handed people were 11 times more likely to suffer from allergies than right-handed folk.　2　
Left-handed people use the right side of the brain the most
　3　 meaning that the right side controls the left side of the body and the other way around.Hence there is a well-known saying “only left-handed people are in their right minds”.The right-hand side of the brain is thought to control the left side of the body and tasks to do with the arts and creativity.
Are left-handed people smarter
　4　 One 2007 study “Effect of handedness on intelligence level of students” shows that lefties are more likely to have higher IQ.However,another 2010 study “The relationship between hand preference,hand performance,and general cognitive ability” suggests the exact opposite!
　5　
Experiments showed that when given two tasks to complete simultaneously (同时),lefties performed best.This is because right-handed people tend to solve problems by breaking them down into parts and analyzing each piece one at a time.While left-handed people tend to look at the problem as a whole and use pattern-matching to try and solve it.
A.Better at multitasking
B.Smarter than the right-handed
C.As we know,the brain is cross-wired,
D.This one varies depending on how dated your source is!
E.Here are a few more fascinating left-handed people facts!
F.Mixed-handed children are more likely to experience language issues.
G.And lefties were two and a half times more likely to suffer from sleep disorders.
Passage 3
(2023河南周口二模)
How to Overcome Anxiety
Anxiety is a healthy and normal emotion that everyone often feels.Anxiety may,however,develop into a mental disorder that reduces your capacity to cope with daily stress.When trying to overcome it,you should not try to get rid of your feelings of anxiety but should aim to develop your coping abilities when you do feel anxiety.　1　 Here come some useful tips to develop your anti-anxiety abilities.
Examine your anxiety
　2　 Do not start beating yourself up about it,or tell yourself unhelpful things such as “I will never be able to get out of this” or “I am incapable”.Understand that you can overcome this,and you will.
Identify the source of your anxiety
Whether you have a panic attack or a sudden round of worry and fear,it is important to determine what is causing your anxiety.Is something in your environment the primary source 　3　
Determine if your worry is solvable
If you know what your fear is,the next step is to determine if it is something you can deal with,or something that only time can manage.If your fear is largely imagination or can’t be dealt with now,　4　 If your worry is something that needs to be dealt with,take steps to create a course of action.
　5　
If your fear is mind-consuming,take a moment to think about the honest and absolute worst thing that could happen as a result of it.Perhaps you’re getting ready to do a huge presentation,and you begin to panic.Stop and think “what is the worst that could happen ” No matter how creative your response may be,thinking critically will lead to find that should it occur,there are few endings that can’t be dealt with in a reasonable manner.
A.Consider the worst
B.Think out of the box
C.Understand and acknowledge that you are anxious.
D.make the conscious effort to put it out of your mind.
E.You can handle anxiety more easily when you are clear about what it is.
F.Having the ability to cope with the anxious thought is the key to overcoming it.
G.try whatever it takes to solve the problem because you cannot get away with it.
Passage 4
(2023湖北十堰二模)
How to link paragraphs in an essay
Composing essays is an art that you must master to score good marks.For any paragraph written,you must be able to link that with the former or the latter.　1　
Read,read,read
Teachers suggest the habit of reading to enhance your quality of writing.　2　 Note how the essay uses linking words and the careful selection of them.Pay special attention to the flow and the professional manner in which the essay is presented for readers.
Be aware about signposting
　3　 but their use must also be known carefully.Before using them for your purpose,remember that a good essay should essentially rely on these words to help readers understand the logic and make it look more coherent (连贯).
　4　
Just that some words connect ideas in your essay doesn’t mean you can use them as you like.For showing likeness or agreeableness,use words like again,too,also,as well as,of course,and so on.If you show contradiction,use regardless,even so,but,nonetheless,besides and so on.For causes and conditions,if,since,so that,due to,are words you must fall back upon.
Make a draft
If you wish to see how your essay stands,make a draft and read it thoroughly.　5　 Ask yourself questions if the points have been explained well or are they relevant to the context.If you feel few aspects need more emphasis,check for the linking words and correct them accordingly.
A.Stick to the logic
B.Pick words carefully
C.If stuck,you can take help from the following 4 tips.
D.That way,you will be able to find your own mistakes and correct them.
E.Reading through a number of sample essays will help you design better essays.
F.Signposts refer to linking words or phrases associating one paragraph with some others,
G.Keep these 4 tips in mind and you will face no trouble linking paragraphs to the essay.
答案：
考点分类练(一)　小标题类
Passage 1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些好的方法来帮助你更好地处理批评。
1.A　根据空后内容“Do you pretend you didn’t hear or do you argue back to defend yourself ”可知,下文提到的是面对批评的时候,你会有何反应。A项“So how do you react ”引出下文的答句,与下文内容保持一致。
2.E　根据空前内容“While it’s normal to feel this way,try to cool off and stay calm.”可知,作者建议当生气的时候我们要试着冷静下来。E项 “Give yourself some time to process what you’ve heard before reacting.”与上文内容保持一致,同时引出下文“After all,you don’t want to say something you’ll end up regretting later!”,因为只有给自己一些时间来消化所听到的内容才能让自己不会说出后悔的话。
3.F　根据上文“who said it and why”以及下文“Or are they just trying to be mean ”可知,上下文都是和批评相关,围绕对批评进行的评估和提问。F项 “Are they trying to help you,but did not communicate their point of view nicely ”也是提问,同时也和批评相关,符合上下文主要内容。
4.G　根据空前内容“Remember that sometimes people do things not to attack you personally,but to vent anger or frustration.So calm down and be as understanding as you can.”可知,作者建议当我们被批评的时候,要冷静下来尽可能去理解对方。G项 “Choosing to take the right path is doing yourself a favor and not getting angry.”与上文内容一致,都是建议我们要选择不生气、冷静。
5.B　设空处位置为小标题。根据下文内容可知,作者建议我们,当批评确实有道理的时候,我们可以选择利用批评找到提升自己的方式,所以本段的主要内容就是利用批评。B项 “Use it to your advantage.”符合本段内容。
Passage 2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了关于左撇子的一些有趣的事情。
1.E　根据上文可知,研究发现左撇子更独立,浏览下文可知接下来文章主要讲的是左撇子的一些有趣的事情,全文是总—分的结构,由此推知,空处承上启下。E项“Here are a few more fascinating left-handed people facts!”承接上文,引出下文,符合上下文语境。
2.G　根据本段标题“More likely to have allergies and sleep disorders”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易有过敏和睡眠障碍。根据空前“A study found that left-handed people were 11 times more likely to suffer from allergies than right-handed folk.”可知,此处讲的是左撇子更容易患过敏症,所以可以推断接下来应该讲的是睡眠障碍问题。G项“And lefties were two and a half times more likely to suffer from sleep disorders.”指出了左撇子更容易患有睡眠障碍,符合上下文语境。
3.C　根据本段小标题“Left-handed people use the right side of the brain the most”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易使用右脑。根据空后“meaning that the right side controls the left side of the body and the other way around”可知此处是在对左右脑的交叉控制这一事实进行解释,所以空处应该指出大脑是交叉控制的这一事实。C项“As we know,the brain is cross-wired,”符合上下文语境。
4.D　根据本段小标题“Are left-handed people smarter ”可知,本段主要围绕着左撇子是不是更聪明来展开。根据空后内容可知,关于左撇子的智商问题,不同日期的研究结果是不一样的。空处位于段首,应是对全段的概括,所以空处应该讲关于左撇子是不是更聪明这个问题的答案与消息来源的日期有关。D项“This one varies depending on how dated your source is!”既回答了小标题的提问,同时也概括了全段,而且D项中的This one指代小标题的问题,符合上下文语境。
5.A　根据本部分内容可知,左撇子在解决问题时更倾向于整体解决问题。空处为本段小标题,所以空处应该讲的是左撇子的另外一个有趣的事实——更善于把问题看作一个整体来解决。A项“Better at multitasking”指出左撇子善于处理多项任务,符合上下文语境。故选A项。
Passage 3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些处理焦虑的方法和技巧。
1.F　上文“When trying to overcome it,you should not try to get rid of your feelings of anxiety but should aim to develop your coping abilities when you do feel anxiety.”说明克服焦虑的关键是提升处理情绪的能力。F项“Having the ability to cope with the anxious thought is the key to overcoming it.”中“the ability to cope with the anxious thought”照应上文“coping abilities when you do feel anxiety”,衔接恰当。
2.C　下文“Do not start beating yourself up about it,or tell yourself unhelpful things such as ‘I will never be able to get out of this’ or ‘I am incapable’. ”说明了面对焦虑时,不能自我怀疑和否定,要正视问题,而不是逃避它。C项“Understand and acknowledge that you are anxious.”说明正视焦虑是一个很好的开始,符合句意。
3.E　上文“Is something in your environment the primary source ”说明要弄清楚焦虑的根源。E项“You can handle anxiety more easily when you are clear about what it is.”说明了弄清楚焦虑来源有助于更好地处理焦虑,故选E项。
4.D　上文“If your fear is largely imagination or can’t be dealt with now”提出了一种假设,D项“make the conscious effort to put it out of your mind.”提出了应对虚拟问题或者不能立刻解决的问题的应对方法,故选D项。
5.A　根据下文“If your fear is mind-consuming,take a moment to think about the honest and absolute worst thing that could happen as a result of it.”并结合下文举例可知,本段主要说明要考虑到最糟糕的情况。故选A项。
Passage 4
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,本文介绍了写作中衔接文章段落的一些技巧与建议。
1.C　上文“Composing essays is an art that you must master to score good marks.For any paragraph written,you must be able to link that with the former or the latter.”阐述了写作中段落之间衔接的重要性;由本文标题“How to link paragraphs in an essay”以及通读下文可知,文章阐述了写作中衔接段落的一些策略和建议;C项“If stuck,you can take help from the following 4 tips.”承上启下,阐明了文章的主旨,符合语境。
2.E　由小标题“Read,read,read”以及设空处上文“Teachers suggest the habit of reading to enhance your quality of writing.”可知,本段建议多阅读;E项“Reading through a number of sample essays will help you design better essays.”承接上文,阐述认真通读范文对写作的益处;下文“Note how the essay uses linking words...essay is presented for readers.”阐述了阅读范文时要注意衔接词的使用以及文章流畅性和专业性。故选E项。
3.F　由小标题“Be aware about signposting”以及下文“Before using them...logic and make it look more coherent.”可知,本段的建议是使用好路标词,使文章具有逻辑性和连贯性;F项“Signposts refer to linking words or phrases associating one paragraph with some others”,解释了什么是路标词,选项中的“Signposts”切合小标题中的“signposting”;下文“but their use must also be known carefully”与选项构成转折关系,指出路标词虽然起到衔接作用,但是必须仔细了解路标词的用法,故选F项。
4.B　分析文章结构可知,设空处为小标题;由下文内容可知本段阐述的是衔接词的使用要根据表达的内容仔细选择,不是随心所欲的;B项“Pick words carefully”能够概括本段主旨,适合作为本段小标题。
5.D　上文“If you wish to see how your essay stands,make a draft and read it thoroughly.”建议先拟一份草稿,通读一下;D项“That way,you will be able to find your own mistakes and correct them.”承接上文,阐述了先打草稿的原因与益处,选项中的“That way”指代上文中的“make a draft and read it thoroughly”。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)criticism n.批评
2.(Passage 1)argue back反驳
3.(Passage 1)cool off平静下来
4.(Passage 1)frustration n.挫折,沮丧
5.(Passage 2)make up占
6.(Passage 2)suffer from遭受……
7.(Passage 3)capacity n.能力
8.(Passage 3)cope with处理
9.(Passage 4)enhance vt.提高;增强;改善
10.(Passage 4)thoroughly adv.仔细地
长难句分析:
1.(Passage 2)One really interesting fact that I picked up was from a scientist who believed that left-handed people tended to be more independent as a result of having to adapt to a world that is largely built for right-handed individuals.
分析:本句为复合句。that I picked up为that引导的定语从句;who believed that left-handed people tended to be more independent as a result of having to adapt to a world为who引导的定语从句,该从句中又含有that引导的宾语从句;that is largely built for right-handed individuals为that引导的定语从句。
句意:我从一位科学家那里发现了一个非常有趣的事实,他认为左撇子往往更独立,因为他们必须适应一个主要为右撇子建立的世界。
2.(Passage 3)No matter how creative your response may be,thinking critically will lead to find that should it occur,there are few endings that can’t be dealt with in a reasonable manner.
分析:本句为复合句。No matter how creative your response may be为no matter how引导的让步状语从句;that should it occur,there are few endings that can’t be dealt with in a reasonable manner为that引导的宾语从句,该从句中should it occur为省略if采用倒装形式的虚拟条件句,that can’t be dealt with in a reasonable manner为that引导的定语从句。
句意:无论你的回应多么有创意,批判性思考会让你发现,如果这种情况发生,很少有结局是不能以合理的方式处理的。
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